![]() If you speak such a dialect, read /ɪər, ʊər, ɛər/ as /iːr, uːr, eɪr/. Speakers of some rhotic dialects, for instance in Ireland and Scotland, may not distinguish between the vowels of near /ˈnɪər/, cure /ˈkjʊər/ and square /ˈskwɛər/ on the one hand and fr eerunning /ˈfriːrʌnɪŋ/, Q-rating /ˈkjuːreɪtɪŋ/ and d ayroom /ˈdeɪruːm/ on the other.If you speak such a dialect, ignore the difference between the symbols /ɑ:/ and /ɒ/. Most speakers of North American English (with the exception of Eastern New England) do not distinguish between the vowels in f ather /'fɑ:ðər/ and b other /'bɒðər/, pronouncing the two words as rhymes.You may simply ignore the difference between the symbols /ɒ/ and /ɔː/, just as you ignore the distinction between the written vowels o and au when pronouncing them. Many speakers of American, Canadian, Scottish and Irish English pronounce cot /ˈkɒt/ and caught /ˈkɔːt/ the same.Before /ə/ within the same word, another possible pronunciation is /j/ as in yet. In Scotland, this vowel can be considered the same as the short allophone of /eɪ/, as in take. some Northern England English) should treat it the same as /ɪ/. Speakers of dialects with happy tensing (Australian English, General American, modern RP) should read it as an unstressed /iː/, whereas speakers of other dialects (e.g. ⟨ i⟩ does not represent a phoneme but a variation between /iː/ and /ɪ/ in unstressed positions. ![]() Therefore, not all of the distinctions shown here are relevant to a particular dialect: This key represents diaphonemes, abstractions of speech sounds that accommodate General American, Received Pronunciation (RP) and to a large extent also Australian, Canadian, Irish (including Ulster), New Zealand, Scottish, South African and Welsh pronunciations. i, u/ likewise do not mean shorter versions of /iː, uː/ but represent a situation in which some speakers have /iː, uː/ and others /ɪ, ʊ/ (see Happy tensing).įurther information: English phonology and International Phonetic Alphabet chart for English dialects When unstressed, followed by a voiceless consonant, or in a polysyllabic word, a vowel in the former group is frequently shorter than the latter in other environments (see Clipping (phonetics) § English).
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